Here’s How This Frog Species ‘Kurixalus naso’ Uses the Monsoon of Meghalaya For Survival

Monsoon For Survival of Frog Species: Unlike typical frog eggs that hatch quickly, these eggs remain dormant for up to 15 days.

Deep within Meghalaya’s rain-soaked hills, a remarkable amphibian species, Kurixalus naso, has unveiled a survival strategy unlike any other. Found in the high-altitude region of Mawsynram, this frog’s unique reproductive behaviour defies traditional norms.

A recent study published in Current Science highlights this extraordinary adaptation, revealing how K. naso times its breeding with Meghalaya’s unpredictable monsoon cycle. Conducted by researchers from St. Edmund’s College, Shillong, NEHU, and Utkal University, the study uncovers the frog’s intricate survival method.

As pre-monsoon showers arrive in February, male frogs emerge from rock crevices to dig small burrows in the moist forest soil. They then call for mates from within these shelters. After mating, female frogs lay eggs deep inside the burrows before departing, leaving the males to guard the clutch.

What sets K. naso apart is its delayed hatching mechanism. Unlike typical frog eggs that hatch quickly, these eggs remain dormant for up to 15 days, concealed within the soil. Only when heavy monsoon rains flood the burrows do the tadpoles emerge—already at an advanced developmental stage with gills absorbed. This strategy ensures their survival in Meghalaya’s unpredictable climate.

However, this delicate cycle leaves the species vulnerable to climate change. Erratic monsoon patterns could cause premature hatching or leave eggs dry before rainfall arrives. As a result, K. naso is seen as a potential indicator species for shifting weather patterns in the region.

Conserving its habitat, particularly the damp forest floor is crucial to protecting this fascinating frog. Its unique adaptation underscores the delicate balance of Meghalaya’s rich biodiversity in the face of changing climate conditions.

“The way these frogs hide their eggs is incredibly unique. By blending them with the soil, they may be mimicking seeds, making them harder for predators to detect,” explains P.W. Shangpliang lead researcher from St Edmund’s College Shillong.

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